The 'Zona Mental' Block: A Cultural and Social Journey in Rio de Janeiro
In the vibrant setting of Rio's Carnival, a specific bloco (street band) stands out for its innovative and impactful approach: the 'Zona Mental' Block. Founded in 2014, this group is an artistic and cultural initiative that emerged from a partnership with research groups from the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES) and the Department of Social Work (DSS) and the Department of Occupational Therapy (DTO), respectively[3].
History and Context
The 'Zona Mental' Block was born as an independent social movement, with the aim of promoting psychosocial rehabilitation and human dignity through revelry. Its origin is closely linked to the anti-asylum movement and the defense of the Unified Health System (SUS). In 2022, the bloco was strengthened by the partnership with the aforementioned research groups, which allowed for a broader and more inclusive approach[3].
Founders and Important Figures
The 'Zona Mental' Block is led by two coordinators who have been fundamental to its success: Adriana Leão, professor at DTO, and Fabíola Xavier, professor at DSS. These leaders have been essential in ensuring that important agendas, such as the defense of the public and free SUS and the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS), are brought to society in a playful, creative, and inventive way[3].
Musical Identity
The characteristic musical style of the 'Zona Mental' Block is a combination of parodies with original lyrics, currently with more than 30 compositions. The repertoire addresses central themes related to mental health and the anti-asylum movement. Songs like "Eu sou maluca, eu sou doidona, eu tô na luta por um SUS que funciona" (I'm crazy, I'm loony, I'm fighting for a SUS that works) are examples of the lyrics that intone the bloco's marchinhas (carnival songs)[3].
Traditions and Rituals
The abadás (custom t-shirts) used by the people involved in the Bloco are made by users of the Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS), to which the resources raised from sales are destined. This promotes income generation for people with mental disorders, making the bloco an initiative that not only celebrates but also works for the inclusion and dignity of the people involved[3].
Territory and Belonging
The 'Zona Mental' Block parades annually at Sambão do Povo, on Friday, February 2nd, opening the official carnival of Vitória. The concentration of members begins at 7 pm, and the bloco's passage precedes the parades of the samba schools of Espírito Santo[3].
Evolution and Historical Milestones
Since its founding in 2014, the 'Zona Mental' Block has evolved significantly. In 2022, the partnership with the research groups strengthened its cultural presence. In 2023, the bloco took 420 people to the avenue and is expecting an even larger audience this year. The documentary produced after the 2023 parade brings accounts of people who participated in the bloco and presents messages about the anti-asylum movement[3].
Cultural Impact
The 'Zona Mental' Block has significantly influenced the cultural scene in Rio de Janeiro. Its innovative approach to mental health and the defense of the SUS has attracted public attention, promoting a broader discussion on these issues. Interaction with the local community is fundamental, as the bloco not only celebrates but also works for the inclusion and dignity of the people involved[3].
Current Structure
The bloco is an artistic and cultural initiative that involves users, family members, and workers of the SUS, especially those linked to the CAPS of the municipalities of Espírito Santo. The internal organization
